ABSTRACT
Objective To examine the status and trends of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Shenzhen between 2013 and 2017.Methods Six primary schools,three junior high schools and three high schools were selected in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2017,through stratified cluster sampling method.Height and weight of the selected students were measured.Results In total,94 868 students were monitored from 2013 to 2017.The average prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 13.31％ and 9.60％,respectively.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity appeared higher in boys (17.60％ and 12.43％) than those in girls (10.27％ and 5.93％).The prevalence of overweight was higher than obesity.Both prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were declining over the past five years.The maximal prevalence rates of overweight of boys and girls were from 10 to 12 and 13 to 15 years of age,while the obesity was from 6 to 9 years old,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were on the decline from 2013 to 2017,however,attention should be paid to the obesity problem in students.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the relations between neck/shoulder or low back pain and their daily behavioral habits among middle school students in Shenzhen.Methods We randomly chose 3 952 students from 10 high schools in Shenzhen to complete the questionnaires.Data was gathered and analyzed,using the IBM SPSS 23.0.Results Of the 3 952 participants,20.3％ had neck/shoulder pain and 15.2％ had low back pain.Among students experienced neck/shoulder pain,female (25.3％),high school (24.5％) and boarding students (24.4％) experienced higher rates of neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Female students (17.9％) also had higher rate of low back pain (P＜0.05).Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as:gender,type of school,taking naps on the desk,staying up late,self-perceived stress from learning,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV,spending long time on computer etc.were related to the neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Factors as:gender,naps on the desk,stay up late,self-perceived stress,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV etc.,were related to low back pain (P＜0.05).Conclusion Neck/shoulder pain and low back pain were both commonly seen while high self-perceived stress,sedentary behaviors and poor sleeping habits were associated with both neck/shoulder and low back pain in high school students in Shenzhen.
ABSTRACT
Objective To examine the status and trends of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Shenzhen between 2013 and 2017.Methods Six primary schools,three junior high schools and three high schools were selected in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2017,through stratified cluster sampling method.Height and weight of the selected students were measured.Results In total,94 868 students were monitored from 2013 to 2017.The average prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 13.31％ and 9.60％,respectively.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity appeared higher in boys (17.60％ and 12.43％) than those in girls (10.27％ and 5.93％).The prevalence of overweight was higher than obesity.Both prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were declining over the past five years.The maximal prevalence rates of overweight of boys and girls were from 10 to 12 and 13 to 15 years of age,while the obesity was from 6 to 9 years old,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were on the decline from 2013 to 2017,however,attention should be paid to the obesity problem in students.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the relations between neck/shoulder or low back pain and their daily behavioral habits among middle school students in Shenzhen.Methods We randomly chose 3 952 students from 10 high schools in Shenzhen to complete the questionnaires.Data was gathered and analyzed,using the IBM SPSS 23.0.Results Of the 3 952 participants,20.3％ had neck/shoulder pain and 15.2％ had low back pain.Among students experienced neck/shoulder pain,female (25.3％),high school (24.5％) and boarding students (24.4％) experienced higher rates of neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Female students (17.9％) also had higher rate of low back pain (P＜0.05).Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as:gender,type of school,taking naps on the desk,staying up late,self-perceived stress from learning,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV,spending long time on computer etc.were related to the neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Factors as:gender,naps on the desk,stay up late,self-perceived stress,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV etc.,were related to low back pain (P＜0.05).Conclusion Neck/shoulder pain and low back pain were both commonly seen while high self-perceived stress,sedentary behaviors and poor sleeping habits were associated with both neck/shoulder and low back pain in high school students in Shenzhen.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the effects of combined administration of tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on heroin withdrawal syndromes and mental symptoms in detoxified heroin addicts. In the cluster-randomized placebo-controlled trial, 83 detoxified heroin addicts were recruited from a detoxification treatment center in Wuhan, China. Patients in the intervention group (n=41) were given the combined treatment with tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and 5-HTP and those in the control group (n=42) were administered the placebo. The sleep status and the withdrawal symptoms were observed daily throughout the study, and the mood states were monitored pre- and post-intervention. The results showed that the insomnia and withdrawal scores were significantly improved over time in participants in the intervention group as compared with those in the control group. A greater reduction in tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, fatigue-inertia and total mood disturbance, and a greater increase in their vigor-activity symptoms were found at day 6 in the intervention group than in the control group (all P<0.05). It was concluded that the neurotransmitter-precursor-supplement intervention is effective in alleviating the withdrawal and mood symptoms and it may become a supplementary method for patients' recovery from heroin addiction.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Administration, Oral , Dietary Supplements , Drug Therapy, Combination , Methods , Heroin Dependence , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Neurotransmitter Agents , Placebo Effect , Single-Blind Method , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Therapeutics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study examined the effects of combined administration of tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on heroin withdrawal syndromes and mental symptoms in detoxified heroin addicts. In the cluster-randomized placebo-controlled trial, 83 detoxified heroin addicts were recruited from a detoxification treatment center in Wuhan, China. Patients in the intervention group (n=41) were given the combined treatment with tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and 5-HTP and those in the control group (n=42) were administered the placebo. The sleep status and the withdrawal symptoms were observed daily throughout the study, and the mood states were monitored pre- and post-intervention. The results showed that the insomnia and withdrawal scores were significantly improved over time in participants in the intervention group as compared with those in the control group. A greater reduction in tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, fatigue-inertia and total mood disturbance, and a greater increase in their vigor-activity symptoms were found at day 6 in the intervention group than in the control group (all P<0.05). It was concluded that the neurotransmitter-precursor-supplement intervention is effective in alleviating the withdrawal and mood symptoms and it may become a supplementary method for patients' recovery from heroin addiction.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the association of problem behavior with neurotransmitter deficiency in adolescents, which would provide new insights into behavioral problems. A total of 1259 students of the seventh grade from 4 middle schools in Wuhan city located in the central China were recruited. With the approval of school and parents, they were invited to complete the Youth Self-Report (YSR) questionnaire and Symptom Scale of Neurotransmitter Deficiency (SSND) questionnaire. Pearson's bivariate correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between each subscale of YSR and SSND ranged from 0.24 to 0.61 with all P<0.01. Canonical correlation analysis indicated that anxiety/depression was interrelated with insufficiency of GABA and 5-HT; aggressive behavior was associated with inadequate GABA; famine of DA influenced the attention problems. It was concluded that neurotransmitter deficiency may cause a series of behavioral and mental problems.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent Behavior , Psychology , Dopamine , Mental Disorders , Metabolism , Psychology , Neurotransmitter Agents , Serotonin , Surveys and Questionnaires , gamma-Aminobutyric AcidABSTRACT
This study examined the association of problem behavior with neurotransmitter deficiency in adolescents, which would provide new insights into behavioral problems. A total of 1259 students of the seventh grade from 4 middle schools in Wuhan city located in the central China were recruited. With the approval of school and parents, they were invited to complete the Youth Self-Report (YSR) questionnaire and Symptom Scale of Neurotransmitter Deficiency (SSND) questionnaire. Pearson's bivariate correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between each subscale of YSR and SSND ranged from 0.24 to 0.61 with all P<0.01. Canonical correlation analysis indicated that anxiety/depression was interrelated with insufficiency of GABA and 5-HT; aggressive behavior was associated with inadequate GABA; famine of DA influenced the attention problems. It was concluded that neurotransmitter deficiency may cause a series of behavioral and mental problems.